Compare New Caledonia (2003) - Northern Mariana Islands (2006)

Compare New Caledonia (2003) z Northern Mariana Islands (2006)

	New Caledonia (2003)	Northern Mariana Islands (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud	none (commonwealth in political union with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four municipalities at the second order: Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.7% (male 31,990; female 30,695) 15-64 years: 64.2% (male 68,093; female 67,205) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,016; female 6,799) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 19.4% (male 8,350/female 7,623) 15-64 years: 79% (male 26,715/female 38,442) 65 years and over: 1.6% (male 679/female 650) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products	coconuts, fruits, vegetables; cattle
Airports	30 (2002)	5 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 21 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 9 (2002)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km	total: 477 sq km land: 477 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes 14 islands including Saipan, Rota, and Tinian
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated.	Under US administration as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific, the people of the Northern Mariana Islands decided in the 1970s not to seek independence but instead to forge closer links with the US. Negotiations for territorial status began in 1972. A covenant to establish a commonwealth in political union with the US was approved in 1975, and came into force on 24 March 1976. A new government and constitution went into effect in 1978.
Birth rate	19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	19.43 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $861.3 million expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)	revenues: $193 million expenditures: $223 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY01/02 est.)
Capital	Noumea	name: Saipan geographic coordinates: 15 12 N, 145 45 E time difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid	tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
Coastline	2,254 km	1,482 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978; Covenant Agreement fully effective 4 November 1986
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie	conventional long form: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands conventional short form: Northern Mariana Islands abbreviation: CNMI former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Mariana Islands District
Currency	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003	-
Death rate	5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	2.29 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$79 million (1998 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of France since 1956	commonwealth in political union with the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of France)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of France)	-
Disputes - international	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu	none
Economic aid - recipient	$880 million annual subsidy from France	extensive funding from US
Economy - overview	New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.	The economy benefits substantially from financial assistance from the US. The rate of funding has declined as locally generated government revenues have grown. The key tourist industry employs about 50% of the work force and accounts for roughly one-fourth of GDP. Japanese tourists predominate. Annual tourist entries have exceeded one-half million in recent years, but financial difficulties in Japan have caused a temporary slowdown. The agricultural sector is made up of cattle ranches and small farms producing coconuts, breadfruit, tomatoes, and melons. Garment production is by far the most important industry with the employment of 17,500 mostly Chinese workers and sizable shipments to the US under duty and quota exemptions.
Electricity - consumption	1.5 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh
Electricity - production	1.613 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 76.3% hydro: 23.7% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m
Environment - current issues	erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires	contamination of groundwater on Saipan may contribute to disease; clean-up of landfill; protection of endangered species conflicts with development
Ethnic groups	Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%	Asian 56.3%, Pacific islander 36.3%, Caucasian 1.8%, other 0.8%, mixed 4.8% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002) head of government: President of the Government Pierre FROGIER (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 28 November 2002 when Pierre FROGIER was reelected	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Benigno R. FITIAL (since 9 January 2006); Lieutenant Governor Timothy P. VILLAGOMEZ (since 9 January 2006) cabinet: the cabinet consists of the heads of the 10 principal departments under the executive branch who are appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate; other members include Special Assistants to the governor and office heads appointed by and reporting directly to the governor elections: under the US Consitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 5 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009) election results: Benigno R. FITIAL elected governor in a four-way race; percent of vote - Benigno R. FITIAL (Covenant Party) 28.07%, Heinz HOFSCHNEIDER (Independent) 27.34%, Juan BABAUTA (Republican) 26.6%, Froilan TENORIO (Democrat) 17.99%
Exports	NA (2001)	$NA
Exports - commodities	ferronickels, nickel ore, fish	garments
Exports - partners	Japan 20.6%, France 20.4%, Taiwan 16.3%, South Africa 11.3%, Spain 7.7%, South Korea 5.4%, Australia 5.4%, Italy 5.3% (2002)	US (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	the flag of France is used	blue, with a white, five-pointed star superimposed on the gray silhouette of a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building) in the center, surrounded by a wreath
GDP	purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 5% industry: 30% services: 65% (1997 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $14,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	NA%
Geographic coordinates	21 30 S, 165 30 E	15 12 N, 145 45 E
Geography - note	consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls	strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean
Heliports	5 (2002)	1 (2006)
Highways	total: 4,825 km paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	$214.4 million $NA
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs	food, construction equipment and materials, petroleum products
Imports - partners	France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002)	US, Japan (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014	none (commonwealth in political union with the US)
Industrial production growth rate	-0.6% (1996)	NA%
Industries	nickel mining and smelting	tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 6.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.92 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-0.6% (2000 est.)	-0.8% (2000)
International organization participation	ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO	Interpol (subbureau), SPC, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	160 sq km (1991)	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court	Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court; Federal District Court
Labor force	79,395 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)	44,470 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.38% permanent crops: 0.33% other: 99.29% (1998 est.)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 4.35% other: 82.61% (2005)
Languages	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects	Philippine languages 24.4%, Chinese 23.4%, Chamorro 22.4%, English 10.8%, other Pacific island languages 9.5%, other 9.6% (2000 census)
Legal system	the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law	based on US system, except for customs, wages, immigration laws, and taxation
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1 note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 2	bicameral Legislature consists of the Senate (9 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year staggered terms) and the House of Representatives (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 5 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009); House of Representatives - last held 5 November 2005 (next to be held November 2007) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Covenant Party 3, Republican Party 3, Democratic Party 2, independent 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Covenant Party 7, Republican Party 7, Democratic Party 2, independent 2 note: the Northern Mariana Islands does not have a nonvoting delegate in the US Congress; instead, it has an elected official or "resident representative" located in Washington, DC; seats by party - Republican Party 1 (Pedro A. TENORIO)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.52 years male: 70.57 years female: 76.62 years (2003 est.)	total population: 76.09 years male: 73.5 years female: 78.83 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 96% (1980 est.)
Location	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Oceania, islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Malaysia 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$192.3 million (FY96)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	5.3% (FY96)	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Commonwealth Day, 8 January (1978)
Nationality	noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian	noun: NA (US citizens) adjective: NA
Natural hazards	cyclones, most frequent from November to March	active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)
Natural resources	nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper	arable land, fish
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	8.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]	Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL]; Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [Juan S. REYES]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	210,798 (July 2003 est.)	82,459 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.38% (2003 est.)	2.54% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	Mueo, Noumea, Thio	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 6, shortwave 1 (2006)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%	Christian (Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.7 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.05 male(s)/female total population: 0.77 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 1-670; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	47,000 (1997)	21,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	13,040 (1998)	20,500 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)	1 (Low Power TV on Saipan; in addition, two cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (2006)
Terrain	coastal plains with interior mountains	southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate	2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.)	1.24 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	19% (1996)	3.9% NA%
Waterways	none	-

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